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}} Because it was positioned near the busy shipping lanes of the mid-19th century, a lighthouse was built on Granite Island in 1868 by the U.S. Lighthouse Board and commissioned in 1869.〔(Wagner, John L., Beacons Shining in the Night, Michigan Lighthouse Bibliography, Chronology, History, and Photographs, Clarke Historical Library, Central, Michigan University. )〕 The lighthouse keeper's dwelling and the square tower attached to it are built of cut stone with white limestone decorations on the corners and windows. The 1-story dwelling shares its design with lighthouses found on Gull Rock and Huron Islands Lighthouse as well as the Marquette Harbor Light. There is an existing Fog Signal Building, which was constructed in 1910 to replace the one originally built in 1879. It is made of structural steel and is a bell tower. The fog bell was the one from the light at Thunder Bay Island Light, and was removed.〔〔National Park Service (Maritime History Project, Inventory of Historic Lights, Granite Island Light. )〕 in 1939.〔(Granite Island, Picture of the bell tower with bell removed. )〕 Lighthouse keepers and assistant keepers operated Granite Island Light until 1937 when the facility was automated and the living quarters were abandoned. Aids to navigation consisted of a 4th order Fresnel lens and a fog bell tower. The focal height is . At one time it had a red flash every 90 seconds.〔(Terry Pepper, Seeing the Light, Granite Island Light. )〕 == Private ownership == Modern navigation moved shipping lanes away from the island and the light, and farther out into Lake Superior.〔(Wobser, David, "Granite Island Light," ) at Boatnerd.com.〕 This tended to make the Coast Guard view it as "surplus," and it was put up for private sale. The sale in fact helped precipitate a later reaction by the U.S. Congress, which enacted a preference for selling such facilities to communities and charitable organizations under the National Historic Lighthouse Preservation Act of 2000, which was sponsored by Michigan Senator Carl Levin and passed in 2000. Nevertheless, this island's sale and its results have advocates.〔(LaFave, Michael Mackinac Center for Public Policy), ''Privatization Shines'' (article on the general subject of privatization of lighthouses. )〕 Granite Island and the lighthouse were purchased by Scott and Martine Holman in 1999 from the U.S. Coast Guard. The facilities underwent a three-year restoration process at large expense, and which has inured to the public good.〔(Excerpt from LaFave, Michael (Mackinac Center), ''Privatization Shines'' specifically on Granite Island. )〕 The house was completely gutted and rebuilt, with waste being boated out and materials bought in. This is a challenging place to reach and live upon – they have to transport all of their water in, for example; composting toilets must be used, so not many visitors are welcomed. The web site, www.graniteisland.com, has live camera feeds, history, videos of the restoration process and photographs and discussion of its ecology and geology. The lighthouse was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.〔〔Reference #83000884〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Granite Island Lighthouse」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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